Temperature and Rainfall Trend Analysis in Upper Blue Nile Basin
Statistical Assessment of Rainfall Characteristics in Upper Blue Nile Basin over the Period from 1953 to 2014
by 1,2,* 
, 1,3, 4,5, 6, 1 and 2
1
Environmental Engineering Department, School of Energy Resources, Environmental and Chemical & Petrochemical Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, E-JUST, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
2
Faculty of Engineering, Benha University, Cairo 11629, Egypt
3
Environmental Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
4
Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
5
Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Taif University, Taif 11099, Saudi Arabia
6
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 13 January 2019 / Revised: 24 February 2019 / Accepted: 25 February 2019 / Published: 5 March 2019
(This article belongs to the Section Hydrology)
Abstract
Investigating the trends of hydro-meteorological variables and checking its variability are of great importance for water resources management and development in the River Nile basin. The present study aimed to analyze the rainfall variability and trends in the Upper Blue Nile Basin (UBNB) over a period from 1953 to 2014. Variability analysis showed that the basin has been suffering from variable rainfall events causing severe droughts and floods over different years. According to precipitation concentration index calculations, the basin had irregular and strong irregular rainfall distribution over the annual and dry seasons, while the basin had a uniform and moderate rainfall distribution during the rainy season and small rainy season. For the total annual rainfall, Mann–Kendall test indicated that, for the eastern central part of the basin, a significant increasing trend of 12.85 mm/year occurred over the studied period, while, for the southwestern part of the basin, a significant decrease of 17.78 mm/year occurred. For the rainy season, a significant increasing trend over the northeastern and eastern central parts of the basin with the magnitude of 3.330–12.625 mm/year occurred. Trend analysis was applied on the monthly averaged rainfall over the whole basin and revealed that July and August are the most contributors of rainfall to the basin with 23.32% and 22.65%. Changing point assessment revealed that at Lake Tana outlet there is a decreasing of the rainfall of 17.7% after 1977 that matched with the trend analysis results. The data and results contained herein provide updated information about the current situation in the UBNB. The results can be used to predict future precipitation and estimate the uncertainty in future precipitation prediction models. View Full-Text
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MDPI and ACS Style
Samy, A.; G. Ibrahim, M.; Mahmod, W.E.; Fujii, M.; Eltawil, A.; Daoud, W. Statistical Assessment of Rainfall Characteristics in Upper Blue Nile Basin over the Period from 1953 to 2014. Water 2019, 11, 468. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11030468
AMA Style
Samy A, G. Ibrahim M, Mahmod WE, Fujii M, Eltawil A, Daoud W. Statistical Assessment of Rainfall Characteristics in Upper Blue Nile Basin over the Period from 1953 to 2014. Water. 2019; 11(3):468. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11030468
Chicago/Turabian Style
Samy, Abeer, Mona G. Ibrahim, Wael E. Mahmod, Manabu Fujii, Amr Eltawil, and Waled Daoud. 2019. "Statistical Assessment of Rainfall Characteristics in Upper Blue Nile Basin over the Period from 1953 to 2014" Water 11, no. 3: 468. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11030468
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Source: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/3/468
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